Airspace

• Flight Restricted Zones (FRZ) in vicinity of Capitol accommodate operations above 1,500 feet AGL. IR routes and White House are conducted in accordance with IFR regardless of weather conditions. VFR sectional charts depict military training • Special Awareness Training required by activities, such as IR, VR, MOA, restricted area, warning 14 CFR 91.161 for pilots to operate VFR within 60 area, and alert area information. NM of the Washington, DC VOR/DME • Wildlife Areas/Wilderness Areas/National Parks and Temporary Flight Restrictions (TFR) request to operate above 2,000 AGL A flight data center (FDC) Notice to Airmen (NOTAM) • National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration is issued to designate a TFR. The NOTAM begins with (NOAA) Marine Areas off the coast with requirement the phrase “FLIGHT RESTRICTIONS” followed by the to operate above 2,000 AGL location of the temporary restriction, effective time period, area defined in statute miles, and altitudes affected. The • Tethered Balloons for observation and weather NOTAM also contains the FAA coordination facility and recordings that extend on cables up to 60,000 telephone number, the reason for the restriction, and any other information deemed appropriate. The pilot should check the Local Airport Advisory (LAA) NOTAMs as part of flight planning. An advisory service provided by Flight Service Station (FSS) facilities, which are located on the landing airport, Some of the purposes for establishing a TFR are: using a discrete ground-to-air frequency or the tower frequency when the tower is closed. LAA services include • Protect persons and property in the air or on the surface local airport advisories, automated weather reporting with from an existing or imminent hazard. voice broadcasting, and a continuous Automated Surface • Provide a safe environment for the operation of Observing System (ASOS)/Automated Weather Observing disaster relief aircraft. Station (AWOS) data display, other continuous direct reading • Prevent an unsafe congestion of sightseeing aircraft instruments, or manual observations available to the specialist. above an incident or event, that may generate a high degree of public interest. Military Training Routes (MTRs) MTRs are routes used by military aircraft to maintain • Protect declared national disasters for humanitarian proficiency in tactical flying. These routes are usually reasons in the State of Hawaii. established below 10,000 feet MSL for operations at speeds • Protect the President, Vice President, or other public in excess of 250 knots. Some route segments may be defined figures. at higher altitudes for purposes of route continuity. Routes • Provide a safe environment for space agency are identified as IFR (IR), and VFR (VR), followed by operations. a number. [Figure 15-7] MTRs with no segment above 1,500 feet AGL are identified by four number characters Since the events of September 11, 2001, the use of TFRs has (e.g., IR1206, VR1207). MTRs that include one or more become much more common. There have been a number of segments above 1,500 feet AGL are identified by three incidents of aircraft incursions into TFRs that have resulted number characters (e.g., IR206, VR207). IFR low altitude in pilots undergoing security investigations and certificate en route charts depict all IR routes and all VR routes that suspensions. It is a pilot’s responsibility to be aware of TFRs in their proposed area of flight. One way to check is to visit the FAA website, www.tfr.faa.gov, and verify that there is not a TFR in the area. Parachute Jump Aircraft Operations Parachute jump aircraft operations are published in the Chart Supplement U.S. (formerly Airport/Facility Directory). Sites that are used frequently are depicted on sectional charts. Military Training Published VFR Routes Route (MTR) Published VFR routes are for transitioning around, under, or through some complex airspace. Terms such as VFR flyway, VFR corridor, Class B airspace VFR transition route, and Figure 15-7. Military training route (MTR) chart symbols. terminal area VFR route have been applied to such routes. 15-6