Airport Operations

can safely comply. Finally, after landing and upon exiting the runway, ensure your aircraft has completely crossed over the runway hold markings. Once all parts of the aircraft have crossed the runway holding position markings, you must hold unless further instructions have been issued by ATC. Do not initiate non-essential communications or actions until the aircraft has stopped and the brakes set. Engineered Materials Arresting Systems (EMAS) Aircraft can and do overrun the ends of runways and sometimes with devastating results. An overrun occurs Figure 14-55. Engineered material arresting system (EMAS) when an aircraft passes beyond the end of a runway during located at Yeager Airport, Charleston, West Virginia. an aborted takeoff or on landing rollout. To minimize the hazards of overruns, the FAA incorporated the concept of • May 2003—A Cargo McDonnell Douglas (MD)-11 a runway safety area (RSA) beyond the runway end into overran the runway at JFK. airport design standards. At most commercial airports, the • January 2005—A Boeing 747 overran the runway at RSA is 500 feet wide and extends 1,000 feet beyond each JFK. end of the runway. The FAA implemented this requirement • July 2006—A Mystere Falcon 900 overran the in the event that an aircraft overruns, undershoots, or veers runway at Greenville Downtown Airport (KGMU) off the side of the runway. in Greenville, South Carolina. The most dangerous of these incidents are overruns, but • July 2008—An Airbus A320 overran the runway at since many airports were built before the 1,000-foot RSA O’Hare International Airport (ORD). length was adopted some 20 years ago, the area beyond the • January 2010—A Bombardier CRJ-200 regional jet end of the runway is where many airports cannot achieve the overran the runway at Yeager Airport (KCRW) in full standard RSA. This is due to obstacles, such as bodies Charleston, West Virginia (WV). [Figure 14-58] of water, highways, railroads, populated areas, or severe • October 2010—A G-4 Gulfstream overran the drop-off of terrain. Under these specific circumstances, the runway at Teterboro Airport (KTEB) in Teterboro, installation of an Engineered Materials Arresting System New Jersey (NJ). (EMAS) is an acceptable alternative to a RSA beyond the runway end. It provides a level of safety that is generally • November 2011—A Cessna Citation 550 overran the equivalent to a full RSA. [Figure 14-55] runway at Key West International Airport (KEYW) in Key West, Florida. An EMAS uses materials of closely controlled strength and density placed at the end of a runway to stop or greatly slow EMAS Installations and Information an aircraft that overruns the runway. The best material found Currently, EMAS is installed at 63 runway ends at 42 airports to date is a lightweight, crushable concrete. When an aircraft in the United States with plans to install more throughout the rolls into an EMAS arrestor bed, the tires of the aircraft sink next few years. into the lightweight concrete and the aircraft is decelerated by having to roll through the material. [Figure 14-56] EMAS information is available in the Chart Supplement U.S. (formerly Airport/Facility Directory) under the specific Incidents airport information. Figure 14-59 shows airport information To date, there have been several incidents listed below where for Boston Logan International Airport. At the bottom of the the EMAS technology has worked successfully to arrest page, it shows which runways are equipped with arresting aircraft that overrun the runway. All cases have resulted in systems and the type that they have. It is important for pilots minimal to do damage to the aircraft. The only known injury to study airport information, become familiar with the details was an ankle injury to a passenger during egress following and limitations of the arresting system, and the runways that the arrestment. [Figure 14-57] are equipped with them. [Figure 14-60] • May 1999—A Saab 340 commuter aircraft overran the runway at John F. Kennedy International Airport (JFK). 14-36