Airspace

Basic VFR Weather Minimums Airspace Flight Visibility Distance from Clouds Class A Not applicable Not applicable Class B 3 statute miles Clear of clouds 3 statute miles 1,000 feet above C lass C 500 feet below 2,000 feet horizontal 3 statute miles 1,000 feet above C lass D 500 feet below 2,000 feet horizontal 5 statute miles 1,000 feet above At or above 1,000 feet below 10,000 feet MSL 1 statute mile horizontal Class E Less than 3 statute miles 1,000 feet above 10,000 feet MSL 500 feet below 2,000 feet horizontal Day, except as provided in section 91.155(b) 1 statute mile Clear of clouds 1,200 feet or less above the surface Night, except as provided in section 91.155(b) 3 statute miles 1,000 feet above (regardless of 500 feet below MSL altitude). 2,000 feet horizontal Day 1 statute mile 1,000 feet above More than 1,200 500 feet below feet above the 2,000 feet horizontal Class G surface but less than 10,000 feet Night 3 statute miles 1,000 feet above MSL. 500 feet below 2,000 feet horizontal More than 1,200 5 statute miles 1,000 feet above feet above the 1,000 feet below surface and at or 1 statute mile horizontal above 10,000 feet MSL. Figure 15-8. Visual flight rule weather minimums. no person may operate an aircraft beneath the ceiling under All aircraft operating in today’s National Airspace System VFR within the lateral boundaries of controlled airspace (NAS) has complied with the CFR governing its certification designated to the surface for an airport when the ceiling is and maintenance; all pilots operating today have completed less than 1,000 feet. Additional information can be found in rigorous pilot certification training and testing. Of equal 14 CFR part 91, section 91.155(c). importance is the proper execution of preflight planning, aeronautical decision-making (ADM) and risk management. Operating Rules and Pilot/Equipment Requirements ADM involves a systematic approach to risk assessment The safety of flight is a top priority of all pilots and the and stress management in aviation, illustrates how personal responsibilities associated with operating an aircraft attitudes can influence decision-making, and how those should always be taken seriously. The air traffic system attitudes can be modified to enhance safety in the flight maintains a high degree of safety and efficiency with strict deck. More detailed information regarding ADM and regulatory oversight of the FAA. Pilots fly in accordance risk mitigation can be found in Chapter 2, “Aeronautical with regulations that have served the United States well, as Decision-Making.” evidenced by the fact that the country has the safest aviation system in the world. 15-8