Navigation

A Plotter 170 160 150 350 340 1 40 33 0 3 1 2 3 0 0 310 1 20 30 2 0 1 0 1 1 3 0 2 0 9 2 0 0 0 2 1 0 2 0 1 8 0 9 0 1 0 D 0 EG 1 2 9 0 8 7 R 0 0 0 E E 3 S 5 1 2 0 7 6 0 8 0 3 0 4 0 1 6 2 3 0 5 3 0 0 7 0 1 5 2 0 4 0 60 2 30 2 5 2 0 0 210 4 0 200 190 30 20 10 NAUTICAL 5 MILES 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 NAUTICAL 85 MILES INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE SECTIONAL CHART SIDE - 1:500,000 1234 .... PWFRr l e aiot a hc md eo uht h r tou o cle l e eh c af o oo nv lulge or ir wn s e gi n t r t i p nu eo e r d ss en eiti go cot rrni et o h e nr o sl i o nt , a f eo tt e n r to u p p e cl r o ou ct pr oteve u er r r d su s en cs a tc ail la n e el d ,ed o gt w r v eu eit e hr is t n ar o u o rvre r oet h wn r o lt irp n r u to e h ei . n l c itn oine ug. r s rine e a dli d nir ees . ccatiolens ocfo fulingthetr.-clockwise. NAVIGATIONAL FLIGHT PLOTTER 0 STATUTE 5 MILES 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 TSD Alt: As Wind Wt. Bal Timer Conv: Dist Vol Wt Wx C M P Mode On/Off Clr Dist Vol Wt Wx ÷ : 7 8 9 x Sto 4 5 6 − Rcl 1 2 3 + Bksp 0 . +/- = C Electronic flight computer B Mechanical flight computer Figure 16-18. A plotter (A), the computational and wind side of a mechanical flight computer (E6B) (B), and an electronic flight computer (C). Dead Reckoning Wind Triangle or Vector Analysis If there is no wind, the aircraft’s ground track is the same as Dead reckoning is navigation solely by means of computations the heading and the GS is the same as the true airspeed. This based on time, airspeed, distance, and direction. The products condition rarely exists. A wind triangle, the pilot’s version derived from these variables, when adjusted by wind speed of vector analysis, is the basis of dead reckoning. and velocity, are heading and GS. The predicted heading takes the aircraft along the intended path and the GS The wind triangle is a graphic explanation of the effect of establishes the time to arrive at each checkpoint and the wind upon flight. GS, heading, and time for any flight can be destination. Except for flights over water, dead reckoning determined by using the wind triangle. It can be applied to is usually used with pilotage for cross-country flying. The the simplest kind of cross-country flight, as well as the most heading and GS, as calculated, is constantly monitored and complicated instrument flight. The experienced pilot becomes corrected by pilotage as observed from checkpoints. 16-13