Flight Instruments

available to a pilot, but also how the information is displayed. Inaccurate airspeed indications In addition to the improvement in system reliability, which increases overall safety, EFDs have decreased the overall cost Constant zero indication on VSI of equipping aircraft with state-of-the-art instrumentation. Primary electronic instrumentation packages are less prone Frozen altimeter to failure than their analogue counterparts. No longer is it necessary for aircraft designers to create cluttered panel layouts in order to accommodate all necessary flight 2 329 09. ..8 09 instruments. Instead, multi-panel digital flight displays combine all flight instruments onto a single screen that is called a primary flight display (PFD). The traditional “six pack” of instruments is now displayed on one liquid crystal Pitot tube display (LCD) screen. Blockage Airspeed Tape Configured similarly to traditional panel layouts, the ASI Static port is located on the left side of the screen and is displayed as a vertical speed tape. As the aircraft increases in speed, the larger numbers descend from the top of the tape. The TAS is Figure 8-11. Blocked static system. displayed at the bottom of the tape through the input to the air data computer (ADC) from the outside air temperature probe. Electronic Flight Display (EFD) Airspeed markings for V , V , and rotation speed (V ) are X Y R Advances in technology have brought about changes in the displayed for pilot reference. An additional pilot-controlled instrumentation found in all types of aircraft; for example, airspeed bug is available to set at any desired reference speed. Electronic Flight Displays (EFDs) commonly referred to As on traditional analogue ASIs, the electronic airspeed tape as “glass cockpits.” EFDs include flight displays such as displays the color-coded ranges for the flap operating range, primary flight displays (PFD) and multi-function displays (MFD). This has changed not only what information is NAV1 108.00 113.00 WPT _ _ _ _ _ _ DIS _ _ ._ NM DTK _ _ _°T TRK 360° 134.000 118.000 COM1 NAV2 108.00 A11tt0it.u6d0e indicator Slip skid indicator 123.800 A l1ti1m8e.t0e0r0 COM2 4000 130 4300 2 120 4200 Vertical speed indicator (VSI) 1 110 Airspeed indicator 1 4100 20 100 4000 3900 9 80 90 3900 1 80 270° 3800 2 70 TAS 106KT 4300 Turn indicator 3600 VOR 1 3500 Horizontal situation indicator Slip/skid indicator 3400 270° 270° 3300 OAT 6°C INSET PFD OBS T C u DI rn rate D M i E ndica X to PD r R tick V I O m R D 31 E a 2 X N0 rP T0 kDRs T M 5 R 5 / 3 R 7 E F IDN N T R S T LCL10 A : L 1 E 2 R : T 3 S 4 Turn3 1r0a0te trend vector Figure 8-12. Primary flight display (PFD). Note that the actual location of indications vary depending on manufacturers. 8-12