Flight Manuals and Other Documents

Flight Limits Manufacturers may include an optional subsection Flight Limits list authorized maneuvers with appropriate entitled Abnormal Procedures. This subsection describes entry speeds, flight load factor limits, and types of operation recommended procedures for handling malfunctions that are limits. It also indicates those maneuvers that are prohibited, not considered emergencies. such as spins or acrobatic flight, as well as operational limitations such as flight into known icing conditions. Normal Procedures (Section 4) This section begins with a list of the airspeeds for normal Placards operations. The next area consists of several checklists that may include preflight inspection, before starting procedures, Most aircraft display one or more placards that contain starting engine, before taxiing, taxiing, before takeoff, climb, information having a direct bearing on the safe operation of cruise, descent, before landing, balked landing, after landing, the aircraft. These placards are located in conspicuous places and post flight procedures. An Amplified Procedures area and are reproduced in the Limitations section or as directed by follows the checklists to provide more detailed information an Airworthiness Directive (AD). [Figure 9-5] Airworthiness about the various previously mentioned procedures. Directives are explained in detail later in this chapter. To avoid missing important steps, always use the appropriate Emergency Procedures (Section 3) checklists when available. Consistent adherence to approved Checklists describing the recommended procedures and checklists is a sign of a disciplined and competent pilot. airspeeds for coping with various types of emergencies or critical situations are located in the Emergency Procedures Performance (Section 5) section. Some of the emergencies covered include: The Performance section contains all the information required engine failure, fire, and system failure. The procedures by the aircraft certification regulations and any additional for inflight engine restarting and ditching may also be performance information the manufacturer deems important included. Manufacturers may first show an emergency to pilot ability to safely operate the aircraft. Performance checklist in an abbreviated form with the order of items charts, tables, and graphs vary in style, but all contain the reflecting the sequence of action. Amplified checklists that same basic information. Examples of the performance provide additional information on the procedures follow information found in most flight manuals include a graph or the abbreviated checklist. To be prepared for emergency table for converting calibrated airspeed to true airspeed; stall situations, memorize the immediate action items and, after speeds in various configurations; and data for determining completion, refer to the appropriate checklist. takeoff and climb performance, cruise performance, and landing performance. Figure 9-6 is an example of a typical performance graph. For more information on use of the charts, graphs, and tables, refer to Chapter 10, Aircraft Performance. Weight and Balance/Equipment List (Section 6) The Weight and Balance/Equipment List section contains all the information required by the FAA to calculate the weight and balance of an aircraft. Manufacturers include sample weight and balance problems. Weight and balance is discussed in greater detail in Chapter 10, Weight and Balance. Systems Description (Section 7) This section describes the aircraft systems in a manner appropriate to the pilot most likely to operate the aircraft. For example, a manufacturer might assume an experienced pilot will be reading the information for an advanced aircraft. For more information on aircraft systems, refer to Chapter 7, Aircraft Systems. Figure 9-5. Placards are used to depict aircraft limitations. 9-4